Title VII of 1964 Civil Rights Act | bars discrimination in employment decisions on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, or religion | • 15 or more employees + interstate commerce • religious employers can discriminate on the basis of religion |
Age Discrimination in Employment Act | bars discrimination in employment decisions on the basis of age (if 40 or over) | 20 or more employees + interstate commerce |
Americans with Disabilities Act | bars discrimination against a qualified individual with a disability who can perform essential job functions with or without reasonable employer accommodation (that does not impose undue hardship) | • 15 or more employees + interstate commerce • religious employers can discriminate on the basis of religion |
Employee Polygraph Protection Act | employers cannot require, request, suggest, or cause any employee or applicant to take a polygraph exam | interstate commerce (no minimum number of employees) |
Immigration Reform and Control Act | I-9 form must be completed by all new employees demonstrating identity and eligibility to work | all employers |
Fair Labor Standards Act | requires minimum wage and overtime pay to be paid to employees | employers who employ employees who are engaged in commerce or in the production of goods for commerce, as well as any employee "employed in an enterprise engaged in commerce or in the production of goods for commerce" |
Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 | eligible employees qualify for up to 12 weeks unpaid leave per year because of (1) birth or adoption of child, including care for such child, or (2) caring for spouse, child, or parent with a serious health condition, or (3) the employee's serious health condition | 50 or more employees + interstate commerce |
Occupational Safety and Health Act | mandates a safe and healthy workplace for covered employees | an organization "engaged in a business affecting commerce who has employees" |
Older Workers Benefit Protection Act of 1991 | bars employees at least 40 years old from "waiving" their rights under age discrimination law unless the waiver meets strict legal standards | 20 or more employees + interstate commerce |